Fortran

Fortran is an actively used programming language created in 1957. Fortran (; formerly FORTRAN, derived from Formula Translation) is a general-purpose, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM in the 1950s for scientific and engineering applications, Fortran came to dominate this area of programming early on and has been in continuous use for over half a century in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational physics, crystallography and computational chemistry. It is a popular language for high-performance computing and is used for programs that benchmark and rank the world's fastest supercomputers. Read more on Wikipedia...

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• Fortran ranks in the top 1% of languages
• the Fortran wikipedia page
• Fortran first appeared in 1957
• Fortran was created by John Backus
• file extensions for Fortran include f, for, f90, f95, f03, f08, f15, f77 and fpp
• See also: speedcoding, algol-58, basic, c, chapel, cms-2, pl-i, pact-i, mumps, ratfor, assembly-language, laning-and-zierler-system, 1620sps, ucsd-pascal, watfiv, ascii, modula-2, ada, mortran, ratfiv, jcl, simscript, f
• Have a question about Fortran not answered here? Email me and let me know how I can help.

Example code from the Hello World Collection:

C     Hello World in Fortran

      PROGRAM HELLO
      WRITE (*,100)
      STOP
  100 FORMAT (' Hello World! ' /)
      END

Example code from Linguist:

! Codes/HYCOM/hycom/ATLb2.00/src_2.0.01_22_one/
      real onemu, twomu
      data onemu/0.0098/
      data twomu/1./
      data threemu/0.e9/
      end

Example code from Wikipedia:

program average

  ! Read in some numbers and take the average
  ! As written, if there are no data points, an average of zero is returned
  ! While this may not be desired behavior, it keeps this example simple

  implicit none

  real, dimension(:), allocatable :: points
  integer                         :: number_of_points
  real                            :: average_points=0., positive_average=0., negative_average=0.

  write (*,*) "Input number of points to average:"
  read  (*,*) number_of_points

  allocate (points(number_of_points))

  write (*,*) "Enter the points to average:"
  read  (*,*) points

  ! Take the average by summing points and dividing by number_of_points
  if (number_of_points > 0) average_points = sum(points) / number_of_points

  ! Now form average over positive and negative points only
  if (count(points > 0.) > 0) then
     positive_average = sum(points, points > 0.) / count(points > 0.)
  end if

  if (count(points < 0.) > 0) then
     negative_average = sum(points, points < 0.) / count(points < 0.)
  end if

  deallocate (points)

  ! Print result to terminal
  write (*,'(a,g12.4)') 'Average = ', average_points
  write (*,'(a,g12.4)') 'Average of positive points = ', positive_average
  write (*,'(a,g12.4)') 'Average of negative points = ', negative_average

end program average

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Last updated February 18th, 2020

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